1954 hague convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict1/11/2024 ![]() ![]() ![]() (a) movable or immovable property of great importance to the cultural heritage of every people, such as monuments of architecture, art or history, whether religious or secular archaeological sites groups of buildings which, as a whole, are of historical or artistic interest works of art manuscripts, books and other objects of artistic, historical or archaeological interest as well as scientific collections and important collections of books or archives or of reproductions of the property defined above Definition of cultural propertyįor the purposes of the present Convention, the term `cultural property’ shall cover, irrespective of origin or ownership: International Human Rights Law and Cultural RightsĪrticle 1.Customary Law, International Humanitarian Law and the Laws of Armed Conflict.Treaty Law and the 1954 Hague Convention.Finally, it should be stressed that cultural property is also protected as a civilian object (Additional Protocol I, Art. ![]() Adherence to each of the foregoing instruments is essential to preserving objects precious to all humanity. The two Protocols of 8 June 1977 additional to the Geneva Conventions also contain provisions protecting cultural property (Additional Protocol I, Arts 38, 53 and 85, and Additional Protocol II, Art. To address this problem, a second Protocol to the 1954 Convention (P2) was adopted on 26 March 1999. Although the 1954 Convention strengthens protection for cultural property, its provisions have not always been adequately implemented. A Protocol dealing with cultural property during times of occupation (P1) was adopted at the same time as the 1954 Convention. Recognizing the significance of this loss, the international community adopted the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (CCP). Military operations have often resulted in the destruction of irreplaceable cultural property, a loss not only to the country of origin but also to the cultural heritage of all people. ![]()
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